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A slow-releasing donor of hydrogen sulfide inhibits neuronal cell death via anti-PANoptosis in rats with spinal cord ischemiareperfusion injury
1 Introduction Cytokines are essential regulators of immune function, metabolism, and tissue development, coordinating various cellular responses to maintain health ( Cytokines are categorized by their structure and immune function into groups, including interleukins (ILs), tumor necrosis factors (TNFs), interferons (IFNs), chemokines, and colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) ( Given their central role in immune responses, cytokines play an important part in the treatment of conditions such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, and infections ( Cytokine-based therapies can be implemented by directly delivering the protein itself, as well as by delivering the corresponding DNA or mRNA ( In addition to cytokine delivery, regulating cytokine overproduction is crucial for managing conditions such as autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammation, and allergic reactions ( Systemic cytokine administration often faces limitations such as rapid degradation and nonspecific interactions, impacting clinical efficacy ( This review comprehensively examines recent advances in nanoparticle-based approaches for cytokine delivery and neutralization ( Figure 1 )
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