l carnitine tmao koeth 2013 nature medicine Innovative carnitine-fed rats model reveals resveratrol butyrate Ester's multimechanistic role in reducing and cardiovascular risk A systematic review of TMAO,
A systematic review of TMAO, microRNAs, and the oral gut microbiomes in atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction: mechanistic insights and translational opportunities Journal of Translational Medicine Springer Nature Link Frontiers The gut microbial metabolite trimethylamine N oxide and cardiovascular diseases The gutbrain axis and trimethylamine N oxide: an emergent biomarker in neurological diseases ScienceDirect Butyrobetaine Is a Proatherogenic Intermediate in Gut Microbial Metabolism of L Carnitine to TMAO: Cell Metabolism
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