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It acts prominently on nitric oxide (NO) signaling , counteracting the damaging effects of NO inhibition (e.g., L-NAME) and modulating eNOS through the upregulation of antioxidant enzymes (e.g., HO-1)

And what scientists are learning is well, weird

In response to hypoxia, plants undergo significant transcriptomic and metabolic changes, shifting from aerobic respiration to anaerobic glycolysis due to limited O 2 availability, which substantially reduces energy production

In summary, the dysregulation of endothelial-derived contractile factors, such as ET-1, and decreased levels of diastolic factors, such as NO, can exacerbate OS-mediated endothelial dysfunction