injecting b12 into a vein Treating Severe Vitamin Deficiency Ivy Grove Surgery : Self-administration

Some causes of B12 deficiency are: Pernicious Anemia Autoimmune Diseases Leaky Gut Syndrome Ulcerative Colitis, Crohns and Celiac Disease Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) H Pylori Infection Prolonged Usage of Gastric Reflux meds Vegan and Vegetarian diets MTHFR gene mutations Bariatric Surgeries Excessive Alcohol Consumption B12 and the Methylation Cycle: Methylation is a critical process that happens trillions of times in every cell each minute

Beyond the therapies discussed in prior sections, a broad arsenal of investigational agents is emerging in SLE and CLE, reflecting the increasing focus on precision immunomodulation

In UK practice, monitoring is primarily based on clinical response rather than routine blood tests

Age-related changes in gastric function can reduce food-bound B12 absorption whilst synthetic supplement absorption remains adequate