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Isocitrate then exits the mitochondrion to the cytoplasm via the citrate/isocitrate transporter and is converted to -ketoglutarate by the cytosolic NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (cICD)

The Reality: DSIP Is Not an Approved Treatment DSIP is: Not FDA approved Not prescribed in addiction treatment programs Not included in clinical guidelines for opioid use disorder Even though it sounds promising on the surface, theres no strong evidence showing that DSIP can: Reduce cravings Prevent relapse Replace evidence-based treatments Its being discussed far more in online communities and experimental spaces than in real medical settings

This article examines the current scientific understanding of BPC-157, explores what the research actually demonstrates, clarifies its legal status in Germany and the EU, and discusses important considerations for anyone interested in this peptide

doi: 10.1186/s12879-017-2938-z, 79 PaulW